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ax²

Algebra

Quadratic Formula Calculator

Solve quadratic equations from coefficients and get real or complex roots from standard form.

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Enter the coefficients from standard-form quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0, and the calculator will solve for the roots.
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Step-by-Step Calculation

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Quadratic root notes

Using the quadratic formula after the equation is truly in standard form

Standard form comes first

The quadratic formula uses coefficients from ax^2 + bx + c = 0. That means the equation must be arranged with zero on one side before the values of a, b, and c are copied. If the equation is written as 2x^2 + 5x = 12, the c value is not blank. The equation should become 2x^2 + 5x - 12 = 0, so c is -12.

The a value cannot be zero

A quadratic equation needs an x^2 term. If a is zero, the equation is linear and the quadratic formula no longer fits. The calculator may reject that setup or produce a warning because the denominator 2a would also become zero. When the squared term is missing, use an equation-solving page instead of forcing the quadratic form.

The discriminant tells the root story

The expression b^2 - 4ac is called the discriminant. It decides whether the roots are two real values, one repeated real value, or a complex pair. A positive discriminant gives two real roots. A zero discriminant gives one repeated root. A negative discriminant means the graph does not cross the x-axis, so the roots include imaginary numbers.

That interpretation is often more important than the decimal value alone. If the task is connected to graphing, the discriminant explains how the parabola interacts with the x-axis before the exact roots are even simplified.

Signs are the easiest place to lose the answer

The formula begins with -b, so the sign of b changes immediately. If b is already negative, -b becomes positive. The term -4ac also depends on the signs of a and c. A single missed negative sign can change the discriminant and therefore change the number and type of roots.

Exact roots and decimal roots serve different needs

Some answers should stay in radical form, especially in algebra classes where exact form is expected. Decimal roots are helpful for graphing, estimation, or applied problems, but they may hide an exact square root that can be simplified. After the calculator returns a result, read the instructions before deciding which form to copy.

If the work continues into graph interpretation, the Slope Calculator may help with a related line question, while the Exponent Calculator can check squared values or powers inside a separate expression.

A root should still satisfy the original equation

Substitution is the best final check. Put each root back into the original equation, not only the rearranged version, and confirm that both sides match or that the expression becomes zero. For rounded decimals, the check may be approximate. For exact roots, the equality should simplify cleanly if the algebra has been copied correctly.

When another calculator is a better fit

The quadratic formula is reliable, but it is not always the shortest route. Factoring may be faster for simple integer roots. Completing the square may be required when the lesson is about vertex form. If a problem involves right triangles rather than polynomial roots, the Pythagorean Theorem Calculator is unrelated to the quadratic formula even though both pages may show squares.